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Causes of Hearing Loss

UNDERSTANDING THE MIRACLE OF HEARING

Causes of Hearing Loss

Hearing loss can develop for a variety of reasons, and recognizing the underlying causes can help you take the necessary steps to protect and preserve your hearing. Here’s a look at some of the most common causes of hearing loss and ear-related issues.

Age-Related Hearing Loss (Presbycusis)
As we age, the tiny hair cells in the cochlea (inner ear) begin to wear down, making it harder to hear high-pitched sounds. This natural process is called presbycusis and is one of the most common causes of hearing loss, especially in adults over 65. Age-related hearing loss typically affects both ears and can make it difficult to understand speech, especially in noisy environments. Hearing loss is the third most prevalent chronic disability among older adults, with 20% over 65 years and 40% over 75 years having a significant ear problem, and at least 80% of elderly in nursing homes having impaired hearing.
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Exposure to loud noises - whether from loud music, machinery, or sudden explosive sounds - can damage the sensitive structures of the inner ear, leading to permanent hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is preventable by using hearing protection in noisy environments and limiting exposure to loud sounds.
Ear Infections
Chronic or untreated ear infections, particularly in children, can cause temporary or permanent hearing loss. Ear infections typically affect the middle ear, where fluid buildup can interfere with sound transmission. Swimmer's ear is another type of ear infection, which can be prevented by using swim plugs under water. While most infections clear up on their own, recurring issues can lead to long-term damage.
Wax Buildup (Cerumen Impaction)
A buildup of earwax, or cerumen, can block the ear canal and cause temporary hearing loss. While earwax is necessary for ear health, too much of it can create blockages and discomfort. Regular ear cleanings can prevent this type of hearing issue.
Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis is a condition in which abnormal bone growth in the middle ear interferes with sound transmission. It typically causes a gradual loss of hearing and may be treated with surgery or hearing aids.
Meniere’s Disease
Meniere’s disease is an inner ear disorder that can cause hearing loss, dizziness, and ringing in the ears (tinnitus). The cause of this condition is not fully understood, but it’s believed to be linked to abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear. Treatment may include medication, diet changes, or surgery.
Ototoxic Medications
Certain medications, known as ototoxic drugs, can damage the inner ear and lead to hearing loss. These include some antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, and high doses of aspirin or diuretics. If you're taking any of these medications, regular hearing checks can help detect any early signs of damage.
Trauma or Injury
Head injuries, sudden changes in air pressure, or direct trauma to the ear can result in temporary or permanent hearing loss. These injuries can damage the ear canal, eardrum, or inner ear, affecting how sound is transmitted to the brain.
Genetics
Hearing loss can also be inherited. Certain genetic conditions may predispose individuals to experience hearing loss at a young age, while others may develop hearing issues later in life. Genetic testing and early detection can help manage hereditary hearing loss.
Congenital Conditions
Some people are born with hearing loss due to malformations in the ear or problems with the auditory nerve. Early intervention with hearing aids or cochlear implants can help improve hearing outcomes in children with congenital hearing issues.

Why Early Detection Matters

Identifying the cause of hearing loss early is crucial for treatment and prevention of further damage. Early detection of hearing loss leads to better success with amplification, which keeps your brain busy and can help to mask tinnitus. While hearing plays a vital role in social interactions, it’s equally important to be attuned to your surroundings - such as fire alarms, doorbells, phones, and even identifying issues with appliances or vehicles. Untreated or unperceived hearing loss poses numerous risks, including cognitive decline along with social and health-related consequences.

Regular hearing assessments, proper ear care, and protection from loud noises are key to maintaining optimal hearing health. If you're experiencing hearing difficulties, don't wait -schedule a consultation with our Audiologist to get a thorough assessment and personalized treatment plan. Taking proactive steps can help you maintain better hearing for years to come.

WHAT YOU CAN DO

Preventing Hearing Loss

Preventing hearing loss is about protecting your ears from potential harm and practicing healthy habits, starting from an early age. It's also important even if you have experienced hearing loss already, to prevent any further damage to your ears. By following these tips, both children and adults can preserve their hearing and enjoy better ear health:

Use Ear Protection - Wear earplugs or noise-canceling earmuffs in loud environments such as concerts, construction sites, or when using power tools or firearms.

Follow the 60/60 Rule - For headphones or earbuds, listen at no more than 60% volume for no more than 60 minutes at a time to avoid damaging your ears.

Monitor Sound Levels for Kids - Make sure children’s toys, video games, or music players aren’t set at high volumes. Encourage them to take breaks when listening with headphones and educate your children on safe volumes and the risk of loud sounds.

Get Regular Hearing Checks - Regular hearing assessments can detect early signs of hearing loss, especially for children, older adults, or those exposed to loud environments frequently.

Treat Ear Infections Promptly - Both children and adults should address ear infections right away to prevent long-term damage. If your child complains of ear pain, has difficulty hearing, or develops a fever, see a healthcare provider right away.

Clean Ears Safely - Avoid using cotton swabs to clean inside the ear canal, which can push wax deeper or damage the eardrum. Instead, use a damp cloth to gently wipe your ear after showering, use over-the-counter ear drops designed to soften ear wax, or try ear irrigation to flush your ears with warm water. If you have persistent buildup or discomfort, contact us to schedule an appointment for safe ear wax removal.

Check Medication Side Effects - Some medications, known as ototoxic drugs, can cause hearing damage. Ask your doctor about potential side effects and alternatives.